Businesses cannot control the rights to human genes in their natural state-英语听力mp3下载无损flac下载
Businesses cannot control the rights to human genes in their natural state-英语听力在线试听免费歌词下载
[00:00.100]From VOA Learning English,
从VOA学习英语开始， [00:02.660]this is the Technology Report.
这是技术报告。 [00:05.600]The U.S. Supreme Court recently ruled that businesses cannot
美国最高法院最近裁定企业不能 [00:12.510]control the rights to human genes in their natural state.
控制人类处于自然状态的基因的权利。 [00:17.790]Patients' rights groups are calling the decision a victory.
患者权利团体称此决定为胜利。 [00:22.630]The court, however, left room to protect the patent ownership rights
但是，法院为保护专利所有权留有余地 [00:28.210]on some other important biotechnology applications.
在其他一些重要的生物技术应用上。 [00:32.860]The court's decision was in a case involving
法院的判决是在涉及 [00:36.400]the biotechnology company Myriad Genetics.
生物技术公司Myriad Genetics。 [00:40.630]The company had identified human genes
该公司已经鉴定出人类基因 [00:44.430]that increase a woman's risk for breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
会增加女性患乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险。 [00:50.150]The company applied for and was given exclusive rights
公司申请并获得专有权 [00:54.990]over the use of those genes.
这些基因的使用。 [00:57.380]Attorney Sandra Park works with the American Civil Liberties Union.
桑德拉·帕克（Sandra Park）律师与美国公民自由联盟合作。 [01:03.510]She says the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
她说美国专利商标局 [01:07.990]has been allowing patents on some DNA for 30 years.
30年来，DNA一直在授予专利。 [01:13.040]"What was problematic about these patents was that Myriad
“这些专利的问题在于，Myriad [01:16.480]was able to use those patents to stop other laboratories
能够使用这些专利来阻止其他实验室 [01:19.470]from providing genetic testing,
从提供基因检测， [01:20.970]even when those other laboratories were using different methods."
即使其他实验室正在使用不同的方法。” [01:24.460]Miss Park says that means that genetic testing
朴小姐说这意味着基因检测 [01:29.360]for increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer
增加乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险 [01:33.300]cost more because of the lack of competition.
由于缺乏竞争而花费更多。 [01:37.270]And she says the gene patent prevented patients
她说基因专利阻止了患者 [01:41.800]from getting a second medical opinion based on some other test.
从基于其他测试的第二医学意见中 [01:46.970]But the Supreme Court has now rejected this type of patent,
但是最高法院现在拒绝了这种专利， [01:52.410]all nine justices agreed that because genes are products of nature,
所有九位大法官都认为，由于基因是自然的产物， [01:58.680]they can not be owned by one business.
它们不能由一家公司拥有。 [02:01.920]Lisbeth Ceriani helped bring the case against Myriad.
Lisbeth Ceriani协助对Myriad提起诉讼。 [02:07.700]She is a breast cancer survivor who struggled to pay for Myriad's test.
她是一名乳腺癌幸存者，她努力为Myriad的检查付费。 [02:13.570]"Our genes are not being held hostage by a private corporation anymore.
“我们的基因不再被私人公司作为人质。 [02:16.860]We have the right to know that our doctor
我们有权知道我们的医生 [02:20.000]can look at our own genes to see what information is there."
可以看看我们自己的基因，看看那里有什么信息。” [02:22.830]Health activists say the ruling will lower costs
健康维权人士表示，该裁决将降低成本 [02:27.310]and improve testing for breast and ovarian cancer,
并改善对乳腺癌和卵巢癌的检测， [02:31.690]and other conditions for which companies have gene patents.
以及公司拥有基因专利的其他条件。 [02:36.280]Myriad Genetics also created man made versions of the genes
无数遗传学也创造了基因的人造版本 [02:41.650]and patented those, too.
并为其申请了专利。 [02:44.060]These versions are called complimentary DNA or cDNA.
这些版本称为互补DNA或cDNA。 [02:49.980]For example, cDNA is used to make insulin to treat people with diabetes.
例如，cDNA用于制造胰岛素来治疗糖尿病患者。 [02:57.210]The Supreme Court said patents on such man made genes
最高法院称有关此类人造基因的专利 [03:03.090]are permitted because cDNA does not exist in nature.
因为cDNA在自然界中不存在，所以被允许使用。 [03:07.770]Jennifer Swize is a lawyer for Myriad Genetics.
Jennifer Swize是Myriad Genetics的律师。 [03:12.250]"To Myriad, the decision is a win. For all practical purposes,
“对于Myriad来说，这个决定是一个胜利。出于所有实际目的， [03:16.730]companies like Myriad use the cDNA claims to do their testing."
像Myriad这样的公司使用cDNA声明进行测试。” [03:22.200]Myriad's stock price grows after the Supreme Court gave its ruling on June, 13th,
在最高法院于6月13日作出裁决后，Myriad的股价上涨， [03:29.130]this suggested that investors saw the decision
这表明投资者看到了决定 [03:32.420]as a good one for the biotechnology industry.
作为生物技术行业的好选择。 [03:36.170]And that's the Technology Report from VOA Learning English,
这就是VOA学习英语的技术报告， [03:41.090]written by Onka Dekker.
由Onka Dekker撰写。
从VOA学习英语开始， [00:02.660]this is the Technology Report.
这是技术报告。 [00:05.600]The U.S. Supreme Court recently ruled that businesses cannot
美国最高法院最近裁定企业不能 [00:12.510]control the rights to human genes in their natural state.
控制人类处于自然状态的基因的权利。 [00:17.790]Patients' rights groups are calling the decision a victory.
患者权利团体称此决定为胜利。 [00:22.630]The court, however, left room to protect the patent ownership rights
但是，法院为保护专利所有权留有余地 [00:28.210]on some other important biotechnology applications.
在其他一些重要的生物技术应用上。 [00:32.860]The court's decision was in a case involving
法院的判决是在涉及 [00:36.400]the biotechnology company Myriad Genetics.
生物技术公司Myriad Genetics。 [00:40.630]The company had identified human genes
该公司已经鉴定出人类基因 [00:44.430]that increase a woman's risk for breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
会增加女性患乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险。 [00:50.150]The company applied for and was given exclusive rights
公司申请并获得专有权 [00:54.990]over the use of those genes.
这些基因的使用。 [00:57.380]Attorney Sandra Park works with the American Civil Liberties Union.
桑德拉·帕克（Sandra Park）律师与美国公民自由联盟合作。 [01:03.510]She says the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
她说美国专利商标局 [01:07.990]has been allowing patents on some DNA for 30 years.
30年来，DNA一直在授予专利。 [01:13.040]"What was problematic about these patents was that Myriad
“这些专利的问题在于，Myriad [01:16.480]was able to use those patents to stop other laboratories
能够使用这些专利来阻止其他实验室 [01:19.470]from providing genetic testing,
从提供基因检测， [01:20.970]even when those other laboratories were using different methods."
即使其他实验室正在使用不同的方法。” [01:24.460]Miss Park says that means that genetic testing
朴小姐说这意味着基因检测 [01:29.360]for increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer
增加乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险 [01:33.300]cost more because of the lack of competition.
由于缺乏竞争而花费更多。 [01:37.270]And she says the gene patent prevented patients
她说基因专利阻止了患者 [01:41.800]from getting a second medical opinion based on some other test.
从基于其他测试的第二医学意见中 [01:46.970]But the Supreme Court has now rejected this type of patent,
但是最高法院现在拒绝了这种专利， [01:52.410]all nine justices agreed that because genes are products of nature,
所有九位大法官都认为，由于基因是自然的产物， [01:58.680]they can not be owned by one business.
它们不能由一家公司拥有。 [02:01.920]Lisbeth Ceriani helped bring the case against Myriad.
Lisbeth Ceriani协助对Myriad提起诉讼。 [02:07.700]She is a breast cancer survivor who struggled to pay for Myriad's test.
她是一名乳腺癌幸存者，她努力为Myriad的检查付费。 [02:13.570]"Our genes are not being held hostage by a private corporation anymore.
“我们的基因不再被私人公司作为人质。 [02:16.860]We have the right to know that our doctor
我们有权知道我们的医生 [02:20.000]can look at our own genes to see what information is there."
可以看看我们自己的基因，看看那里有什么信息。” [02:22.830]Health activists say the ruling will lower costs
健康维权人士表示，该裁决将降低成本 [02:27.310]and improve testing for breast and ovarian cancer,
并改善对乳腺癌和卵巢癌的检测， [02:31.690]and other conditions for which companies have gene patents.
以及公司拥有基因专利的其他条件。 [02:36.280]Myriad Genetics also created man made versions of the genes
无数遗传学也创造了基因的人造版本 [02:41.650]and patented those, too.
并为其申请了专利。 [02:44.060]These versions are called complimentary DNA or cDNA.
这些版本称为互补DNA或cDNA。 [02:49.980]For example, cDNA is used to make insulin to treat people with diabetes.
例如，cDNA用于制造胰岛素来治疗糖尿病患者。 [02:57.210]The Supreme Court said patents on such man made genes
最高法院称有关此类人造基因的专利 [03:03.090]are permitted because cDNA does not exist in nature.
因为cDNA在自然界中不存在，所以被允许使用。 [03:07.770]Jennifer Swize is a lawyer for Myriad Genetics.
Jennifer Swize是Myriad Genetics的律师。 [03:12.250]"To Myriad, the decision is a win. For all practical purposes,
“对于Myriad来说，这个决定是一个胜利。出于所有实际目的， [03:16.730]companies like Myriad use the cDNA claims to do their testing."
像Myriad这样的公司使用cDNA声明进行测试。” [03:22.200]Myriad's stock price grows after the Supreme Court gave its ruling on June, 13th,
在最高法院于6月13日作出裁决后，Myriad的股价上涨， [03:29.130]this suggested that investors saw the decision
这表明投资者看到了决定 [03:32.420]as a good one for the biotechnology industry.
作为生物技术行业的好选择。 [03:36.170]And that's the Technology Report from VOA Learning English,
这就是VOA学习英语的技术报告， [03:41.090]written by Onka Dekker.
由Onka Dekker撰写。
