Lesson 13 The search for oil-英语听力mp3下载无损flac下载
Lesson 13 The search for oil-英语听力在线试听免费歌词下载
[00:01.52]Lesson 13
第13节 [00:03.47]The search for oil
探寻石油 [00:11.78]What do oilmen want to achieve as soon as they strike oil?
石油工人希望怎样快速的发现油矿？ [00:18.47]The deepest holes of all are made for oil, and they go down to as much as 25,000 feet.
在所有洞穴中，为寻找石油所钻出的洞是最深的，这些洞可深达25,000英尺 [00:26.54]But we do not need to send man down to get the oil out, as we must with other mineral deposits.
但是，我们不必像开采其他矿藏那样，把人送到地下去把石油取出 [00:34.26]The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter.
这些洞只不过是一些钻孔，直径不到1英尺 [00:39.32]My particular experience is largely in oil, and the search for oil has done more to improve deep drilling than any other mining activity.
我是专门搞石油的，寻找石油比其他任何采矿业对改进钻探作的贡献都要大 [00:49.86]When it has been decided where we are going to drill,
当确定钻孔地点后，我们就在那里竖起一个井架 [00:53.45]we put up at the surface an oil derrick.
井架必须很高，因为它像一个巨型滑轮组 [00:57.67]It has to be tall because it is like a giant block and tackle and we have to lower into the ground
我们必须把很长的钻杆一节节地钻入地下，然后再从地下拉出来 [01:04.36]and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipe which are rotated by an engine at the top
钻杆顶部安装的发动机带动钻杆旋转 [01:10.79]and are fitted with a cutting bit at the bottom.
它的底部装有钻头 [01:14.86]The geologist needs to know what rocks the drill has reached,
地质学家需要知道钻头已以到达什么样的岩层 [01:19.45]so every so often a sample is obtained with a coring bit.
因此时常要用芯钻头取样 [01:24.87]It cuts a clean cylinder of rock, from which can be seen the strata the drill has been cutting through.
这种钻头能切割一段光滑的圆柱形岩石，从中能看出所钻透的地层 [01:32.45]Once we get down to the oil, it usually flows to the surface because great pressure either from gas or water, is pushing it.
一旦到达油层，石油就会由于地下巨大的压力流到地面上来，这种巨大的压力来自地下天然气或水 [01:42.48]This pressure must be under control, and we control it by means of the mud which we circulate down the drill pipe.
这种压力必须加以控制，我们让泥桨顺着钻杆向下循环，用这种方法来控制压力 [01:51.53]We endeavour to avoid the old, romantic idea of a gusher, which wastes oil and gas.
我们尽量避免使用陈旧天真的喷井方法，那样会浪费石油和天然气 [01:59.14]We want it to stay down the hole until we can lead it off in a controlled manner.
我们要让石油留在井下，直到我们能用一种有控制的方法把它引上来为止
第13节 [00:03.47]The search for oil
探寻石油 [00:11.78]What do oilmen want to achieve as soon as they strike oil?
石油工人希望怎样快速的发现油矿？ [00:18.47]The deepest holes of all are made for oil, and they go down to as much as 25,000 feet.
在所有洞穴中，为寻找石油所钻出的洞是最深的，这些洞可深达25,000英尺 [00:26.54]But we do not need to send man down to get the oil out, as we must with other mineral deposits.
但是，我们不必像开采其他矿藏那样，把人送到地下去把石油取出 [00:34.26]The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter.
这些洞只不过是一些钻孔，直径不到1英尺 [00:39.32]My particular experience is largely in oil, and the search for oil has done more to improve deep drilling than any other mining activity.
我是专门搞石油的，寻找石油比其他任何采矿业对改进钻探作的贡献都要大 [00:49.86]When it has been decided where we are going to drill,
当确定钻孔地点后，我们就在那里竖起一个井架 [00:53.45]we put up at the surface an oil derrick.
井架必须很高，因为它像一个巨型滑轮组 [00:57.67]It has to be tall because it is like a giant block and tackle and we have to lower into the ground
我们必须把很长的钻杆一节节地钻入地下，然后再从地下拉出来 [01:04.36]and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipe which are rotated by an engine at the top
钻杆顶部安装的发动机带动钻杆旋转 [01:10.79]and are fitted with a cutting bit at the bottom.
它的底部装有钻头 [01:14.86]The geologist needs to know what rocks the drill has reached,
地质学家需要知道钻头已以到达什么样的岩层 [01:19.45]so every so often a sample is obtained with a coring bit.
因此时常要用芯钻头取样 [01:24.87]It cuts a clean cylinder of rock, from which can be seen the strata the drill has been cutting through.
这种钻头能切割一段光滑的圆柱形岩石，从中能看出所钻透的地层 [01:32.45]Once we get down to the oil, it usually flows to the surface because great pressure either from gas or water, is pushing it.
一旦到达油层，石油就会由于地下巨大的压力流到地面上来，这种巨大的压力来自地下天然气或水 [01:42.48]This pressure must be under control, and we control it by means of the mud which we circulate down the drill pipe.
这种压力必须加以控制，我们让泥桨顺着钻杆向下循环，用这种方法来控制压力 [01:51.53]We endeavour to avoid the old, romantic idea of a gusher, which wastes oil and gas.
我们尽量避免使用陈旧天真的喷井方法，那样会浪费石油和天然气 [01:59.14]We want it to stay down the hole until we can lead it off in a controlled manner.
我们要让石油留在井下，直到我们能用一种有控制的方法把它引上来为止
