第十二期 2009年6月真题 文章(6/6)-英语听力

[00:01.981] Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory.
大约120年前，艾宾豪斯开始了他对记忆的研究。 [00:09.838] He concentrated on studying how quickly the human mind can remember information.
他集中研究了人类思维能够以多快的速度记忆信息。 [00:16.988] One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis, which simply means the amount you learn depends on the time you spend trying to learn it.
其研究的其中一项成果他“总时间假说”，这仅仅意味着你学到的东西的数量取决于你花在学习上的时间。 [00:30.823] This can be taken as our first rule of learning.
这可以作为我们学习的第一法则。 [00:35.235] Although it is usually true that studying for 4 hours is better than studying for 1, there is still the question of how to use the 4 hours.
虽然4小时的学习比1小时的学习好是事实，但是如何使用4小时仍然是一个问题。 [00:47.694] For example, is it better to study for 4 hours straight or to study for 1 hour a day for 4 days in a row?
例如，是连续学习4小时，还是连续学习4天，每天1小时效果更好？ [00:57.277] The answer, as you may have suspected, is that it is better to spread out the study times.
答案，正如你可能已经猜到的，是把学习时间分散开来更好。 [01:05.084] This phenomenon through which we can learn more efficiently by dividing our practice time is known as the distribution of practice effect.
这种通过分割练习时间可提高学习效率的现象被称作分散式学习的效果。 [01:15.589] Thus, our second rule of learning is this.
因此，这就是我们学习的第二法则。 [01:20.530] It’s better to study fairly briefly but often.
少学、多学效果更好。 [01:24.891] But we are not finished yet.
但至此还不算结束。 [01:27.750] We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time.
我们还没有考虑应该如何在很短的时间内学习。 [01:34.270] Let’s say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards.
假设你试图用一叠卡片来学习一些很难的新单词。 [01:42.997] Should you look at the same word in rapid succession or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again?
你是该连续迅速地看同一个词，还是看完这个词，过一会儿再看一遍？ [01:53.005] The answer is it is better to space up the presentations of the word you are to learn.
答案是，将所记单词的呈现时间分隔开来是更好的方式。