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[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English,
美国之声英语学习 [00:02.59]this is the Health Report.
健康报道 [00:05.48]Hundreds of thousands of children
每年有成千上万的儿童 [00:08.40]become infected with the AIDS virus every year.
感染艾滋病病毒 [00:13.02]These boys and girls are born to mothers who have HIV,
这些孩子的生母体内有（these） [00:18.01]the human immunodeficiency virus.
人类免疫缺陷病毒 [00:21.44]Infection takes place during pregnancy
感染在妊娠或 [00:24.79]or from breastfeeding.
哺乳期发生 [00:27.60]Recently, Scientists identified a protein
最近，科学家们鉴别出一种母乳中 [00:32.31]in breast milk that suppresses the virus,
抑制病毒的蛋白质 [00:35.97]the protein may even protect babies
这种蛋白质可能可以 [00:39.36]from become infected.
避免婴儿的感染 [00:41.72]Now, Experts say the discovery could lead to new ways
专家表示，这一发现有助于提供 [00:46.67]to protect babies whose mothers are infected with HIV.
保护那些生母为HIV阳性的婴儿的新方式 [00:51.77]To prevent Infection, doctors give Anti-retroviral drugs
为阻止感染，医生会同时给母亲和孩子 [00:57.79]to both mothers and their babies,
抗逆转录病毒药物 [01:00.88]that has greatly reduced the number of infections.
这一举措大大降低了感染数量 [01:04.84]But experts say that even without anti-AIDS drugs,
但专家说即使没有抗艾滋药物 [01:10.68]only a small percentage of babies
只有一小部分婴儿 [01:13.68]become infected through breast milk.
会通过母乳感染 [01:16.63]Sallie Permar is a professor of pediatrics and immunology
萨莉·帕马是位于北卡罗来纳州杜克大学的 [01:22.19]at Duke University in North Carolina.
一名儿科和免疫学教授 [01:25.96]She says, breastfeed babies appear to resist infection.
她说母乳喂养的婴儿可能不会感染病毒 [01:31.71]"It is actually remarkable that despite
“这样的结果很引人注目，尽管 [01:34.85]the infant being exposed to the virus multiple times daily
婴儿在两岁之前每天都要 [01:38.29]for up to two years of their life,
和病毒接触数次 [01:41.57]actually only 10 percent of those babies
实际上只有百分之十的婴儿 [01:43.82]will become infected," said Permar.
会感染上病毒，”帕马教授说。 [01:45.31]The low rate of the infection
低感染率 [01:47.47]was of great interest to researchers,
对包括萨莉在内研究者们来说 [01:50.13]including Sallie Permar.
很有吸引力 [01:52.52]She led an effort to identify a substance in breast milk
她领导了鉴别母乳中 [01:57.98]that may protect babies from infection.
保护婴儿免受感染的蛋白质的工作 [02:01.19]Her team directed its attention to a protein
她的团队把注意力放在了一种 [02:05.24]called Tenacin-C, also called TNC.
名叫TNC的蛋白质上 [02:10.71]It is known to be involved in the process of healing wounds.
我们知道它在伤口愈合中发挥作用 [02:15.62]But what purpose it serves in breast milk is not known.
但它在母乳中的功能还并未发现 [02:21.27]The researchers exposed the TNC protein
研究者们将未感染HIV的女性母乳中提取的 [02:25.48]from breast milk of uninfected women to HIV,
TNC蛋白质与HIV接触 [02:29.99]the protein linked up to the virus and made it harmless.
结果这种蛋白质和病毒连在一起，让它变得无害 [02:34.94]Antiretroviral drugs remain effective
抗逆转录病毒药物在 [02:39.04]in limiting the passing of HIV from mother to baby.
限制HIV从母亲传染给儿童方面仍然有效 [02:44.25]But professor Permar and her team suggest
但帕马教授和她的团队认为 [02:49.15]the TNC could be used in places
TNC可以用于 [02:52.65]where costly drug treatments are often not available.
无法进行昂贵药物治疗的地区 [02:57.66]"The issues are access to the drugs as well as monitoring.
“现在的问题包括能否获得药物和后续监测， [03:03.16]There are issues of toxicity and anti-retroviral drug resistance.
还有毒性和抗逆转录病毒药物的耐药性等问题 [03:07.73]And so we think alternative strategies
所以我们认为其他的有效方法 [03:11.49]may be needed to completely eliminate infant transmission," she Permar.
可以用于永久消除婴儿时期的传染。” [03:14.44]She suggests that TNC could be given to babies
她认为，TNC可以在婴儿进行母乳喂养前使用 [03:20.35]before breastfeeding to provide additional protection against HIV.
以提供额外的抵抗HIV感染的保护 [03:27.15]She adds that the protein is safe,
她还说该蛋白质是安全的 [03:30.59]because it is already in natural part of human milk.
因为它已经是人类母乳的自然成分 [03:35.10]This may avoid the problem of HIV
这可以避免HIV对抗逆转录病毒药物 [03:38.69]become resisted to Antiretroviral drugs.
形成耐药性的问题 [03:42.89]The team reported its findings in the journal
帕马的团队把他们的发现发表在 [03:46.65]Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
美国国家科学院院刊上 [03:50.61]And that is the Health Report from VOA Learning English.
美国之声英语学习之健康报道 [03:55.90]I'm June Simms.
我是郡·西姆斯
美国之声英语学习 [00:02.59]this is the Health Report.
健康报道 [00:05.48]Hundreds of thousands of children
每年有成千上万的儿童 [00:08.40]become infected with the AIDS virus every year.
感染艾滋病病毒 [00:13.02]These boys and girls are born to mothers who have HIV,
这些孩子的生母体内有（these） [00:18.01]the human immunodeficiency virus.
人类免疫缺陷病毒 [00:21.44]Infection takes place during pregnancy
感染在妊娠或 [00:24.79]or from breastfeeding.
哺乳期发生 [00:27.60]Recently, Scientists identified a protein
最近，科学家们鉴别出一种母乳中 [00:32.31]in breast milk that suppresses the virus,
抑制病毒的蛋白质 [00:35.97]the protein may even protect babies
这种蛋白质可能可以 [00:39.36]from become infected.
避免婴儿的感染 [00:41.72]Now, Experts say the discovery could lead to new ways
专家表示，这一发现有助于提供 [00:46.67]to protect babies whose mothers are infected with HIV.
保护那些生母为HIV阳性的婴儿的新方式 [00:51.77]To prevent Infection, doctors give Anti-retroviral drugs
为阻止感染，医生会同时给母亲和孩子 [00:57.79]to both mothers and their babies,
抗逆转录病毒药物 [01:00.88]that has greatly reduced the number of infections.
这一举措大大降低了感染数量 [01:04.84]But experts say that even without anti-AIDS drugs,
但专家说即使没有抗艾滋药物 [01:10.68]only a small percentage of babies
只有一小部分婴儿 [01:13.68]become infected through breast milk.
会通过母乳感染 [01:16.63]Sallie Permar is a professor of pediatrics and immunology
萨莉·帕马是位于北卡罗来纳州杜克大学的 [01:22.19]at Duke University in North Carolina.
一名儿科和免疫学教授 [01:25.96]She says, breastfeed babies appear to resist infection.
她说母乳喂养的婴儿可能不会感染病毒 [01:31.71]"It is actually remarkable that despite
“这样的结果很引人注目，尽管 [01:34.85]the infant being exposed to the virus multiple times daily
婴儿在两岁之前每天都要 [01:38.29]for up to two years of their life,
和病毒接触数次 [01:41.57]actually only 10 percent of those babies
实际上只有百分之十的婴儿 [01:43.82]will become infected," said Permar.
会感染上病毒，”帕马教授说。 [01:45.31]The low rate of the infection
低感染率 [01:47.47]was of great interest to researchers,
对包括萨莉在内研究者们来说 [01:50.13]including Sallie Permar.
很有吸引力 [01:52.52]She led an effort to identify a substance in breast milk
她领导了鉴别母乳中 [01:57.98]that may protect babies from infection.
保护婴儿免受感染的蛋白质的工作 [02:01.19]Her team directed its attention to a protein
她的团队把注意力放在了一种 [02:05.24]called Tenacin-C, also called TNC.
名叫TNC的蛋白质上 [02:10.71]It is known to be involved in the process of healing wounds.
我们知道它在伤口愈合中发挥作用 [02:15.62]But what purpose it serves in breast milk is not known.
但它在母乳中的功能还并未发现 [02:21.27]The researchers exposed the TNC protein
研究者们将未感染HIV的女性母乳中提取的 [02:25.48]from breast milk of uninfected women to HIV,
TNC蛋白质与HIV接触 [02:29.99]the protein linked up to the virus and made it harmless.
结果这种蛋白质和病毒连在一起，让它变得无害 [02:34.94]Antiretroviral drugs remain effective
抗逆转录病毒药物在 [02:39.04]in limiting the passing of HIV from mother to baby.
限制HIV从母亲传染给儿童方面仍然有效 [02:44.25]But professor Permar and her team suggest
但帕马教授和她的团队认为 [02:49.15]the TNC could be used in places
TNC可以用于 [02:52.65]where costly drug treatments are often not available.
无法进行昂贵药物治疗的地区 [02:57.66]"The issues are access to the drugs as well as monitoring.
“现在的问题包括能否获得药物和后续监测， [03:03.16]There are issues of toxicity and anti-retroviral drug resistance.
还有毒性和抗逆转录病毒药物的耐药性等问题 [03:07.73]And so we think alternative strategies
所以我们认为其他的有效方法 [03:11.49]may be needed to completely eliminate infant transmission," she Permar.
可以用于永久消除婴儿时期的传染。” [03:14.44]She suggests that TNC could be given to babies
她认为，TNC可以在婴儿进行母乳喂养前使用 [03:20.35]before breastfeeding to provide additional protection against HIV.
以提供额外的抵抗HIV感染的保护 [03:27.15]She adds that the protein is safe,
她还说该蛋白质是安全的 [03:30.59]because it is already in natural part of human milk.
因为它已经是人类母乳的自然成分 [03:35.10]This may avoid the problem of HIV
这可以避免HIV对抗逆转录病毒药物 [03:38.69]become resisted to Antiretroviral drugs.
形成耐药性的问题 [03:42.89]The team reported its findings in the journal
帕马的团队把他们的发现发表在 [03:46.65]Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
美国国家科学院院刊上 [03:50.61]And that is the Health Report from VOA Learning English.
美国之声英语学习之健康报道 [03:55.90]I'm June Simms.
我是郡·西姆斯
