Clinical Depression-英语听力

[00:00.10]From VOA Learning English,
这里是美国之音慢速英语, [00:03.52]this is the Health Report.
这是则健康报道。 [00:05.29]Some colors that people see
人们在深夜看到的一些颜色的症状。 [00:08.75]late at night could cause signs
可能会导致 [00:11.56]of the condition mental health experts call
心理健康专家所说的临床抑郁症 [00:15.18]clinical depression.
的症状。 [00:16.87]That was the finding of a study
这是一项建立在 [00:20.16]that builds on earlier study findings.
早期研究成果基础上的研究发现。 [00:23.03]They show that individuals
研究表明， [00:26.08]who live or work in low levels of light overnight
夜间生活或工作在低光照下的人 [00:31.00]can develop clinical depression.
可能会患上临床抑郁症。 [00:33.51]Doctors use the words clinical depression
医生使用“临床抑郁症”这个词 [00:37.67]to describe severe form of depression.
来描述严重的抑郁症。 [00:41.80]Signs may include loss of interest
（临床抑郁症的）症状可能包括 [00:45.22]or pleasure in most activities,
对大多数活动兴趣或乐趣的丧失， [00:47.51]low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.
低能量水平和死亡或自杀的想法。 [00:53.04]In the new study,
在新的研究中， [00:55.46]American investigators designed an experiment
美国研究人员设计了一个实验 [00:59.58]that exposed hamsters to different colors.
（该实验）将仓鼠暴露在不同的颜色下。 [01:03.06]The researchers chose hamsters
研究人员选择了仓鼠 [01:06.36]because they are nocturnal,
因为它们是夜行动物， [01:08.42]which means they sleep during the day
也就是说他们白天睡觉 [01:11.35]and are active at night.
晚上活跃。 [01:13.81]The animals were separated into 4 groups.
动物们被分成4组。 [01:18.60]One group of hamsters was kept in the dark
一组仓鼠被置于黑暗中 [01:22.81]during their nighttime period.
持续整个夜间。 [01:25.38]Another group was placed in foldable blue light,
另一组放在可折叠蓝光灯下， [01:30.15]a third group slept in foldable white light.
第三组睡在可折叠白光灯下。 [01:34.28]While a fourth was put in foldable red light.
而第四个则是（被置于）可折叠红灯下。 [01:38.99]After four weeks, the researchers noted
四周后，研究人员记录下 [01:43.76]how much sugary water the hamsters drank.
仓鼠们饮用的糖水的量。 [01:47.08]They found that the more depressed animals
他们发现，越是抑郁的动物 [01:51.19]drank the least amount of water.
喝的水最少。 [01:54.00]Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience
兰迪·纳尔逊是 [01:58.77]at Ohio State University.
俄亥俄州立大学的神经科学系主任。 [02:01.53]He says animals that slept in blue and white light
他说那些睡在蓝光和白光下的动物 [02:06.36]appeared to be the most depressed.
似乎是最郁闷的。 [02:09.62]"What we saw is these animals didn't show
“我们看到的是这些动物根本没有表现出来 [02:12.24]any sleep disruptions at all
任何睡眠中断。 [02:13.64]but they did have mucked up circadian clock genes
但他们确实打乱了生物钟基因， [02:17.42]and they did show depressive phenotypes
它们确实表现出抑郁的显型 [02:22.05]whereas if they were in the dim red light, they did not."
然而，如果他们在昏暗的红灯下，它们不会这样。” [02:24.71]Randy Nelson notes
兰迪·纳尔逊注意到 [02:26.31]that photosensitive cells in the retina,
视网膜中的感光细胞 [02:29.53]have little to do with eyesight.
和视力没什么关系。 [02:32.65]He says these cells send signals
他说这些细胞发出信号 [02:36.92]to the area of the brain that controls
给大脑中控制 [02:40.29]what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.
那些被称为自然睡眠觉醒周期的区域。 [02:44.70]He says there's a lot of blue in white light,
他说白光中有很多蓝色， [02:49.13]this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters
这解释了为什么蓝光和白光（中的）仓鼠 [02:54.69]appear to be more depressed
比看到红色的光或（置于）黑暗中的仓鼠 [02:58.03]than the hamsters see red light or darkness.
看起来更抑郁。 [03:02.36]Mr Nelson has suggestions
纳尔逊给 [03:06.31]for people who work late at night,
那些工作到深夜的人们 [03:09.03]or those who like to stay up late.
或者喜欢熬夜的人群一些建议。 [03:12.28]"My recommendation is
“我的建议是 [03:13.96]if you are just living a typical
如果你只是过着典型的生活 [03:16.34]mostly active [life] during the day,
主要在白天活动， [03:18.30]mostly inactive at night,
大多在晚上不活动， [03:19.42]you want to limit exposure to TVs which are quite bluish
你想要限制在很蓝的电视机前的曝露程度， [03:23.64]in the light they give off
在它们放出的光中， [03:24.98]and computer screens and things like that.
还有电脑屏幕之类的东西。 [03:27.43]You can get filtered glass,
你可以（使用）滤镜， [03:29.09]you can get filters on your computer screen
你可以在电脑屏幕上设置过滤器 [03:30.95]and filters on your eReaders
以及在电子阅读器上设置过滤器 [03:32.16]to put it more in the reddish light."
把它置于略红的光线下。” [03:34.86]The report on the effects of light on emotions
关于光线对情绪影响的报告 [03:38.72]was published in The Journal of Neuroscience.
发表在《神经科学杂志》上。